Log in with your MaiOtaku account.
Home Forum Anime Members Help
doubt_equals_ammo

doubt_equals_ammo

Male
OH
Witchblade
Witchblade [TV] Abandoned
After a short-lived attempt to escape, Masane Amaha’s daughter is taken away from her by the government’s child welfare agency. She later discovers that she possesses a powerful weapon called Witchblade, after her bracelet activated when a monster tried to attack her.
2253 users added this.
Wolf's Rain
Wolf's Rain [TV] Abandoned
In a slowly decaying world, a small ray of hope takes form as an old legend. According to the tale, when the world’s end finally arrives, the gates of Paradise will open, and there everyone can live peacefully.
3386 users added this.
Hellsing Ultimate
Hellsing Ultimate [OVA] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 10.
Hellsing, a secret organization within the British government, has long been battling supernatural threats to keep people safe from creatures of the night. They have a secret weapon in the form of an incredibly powerful vampire Alucard.
8840 users added this.
Mai Hime
Mai Hime [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
A group of thirteen girls has the power to materialize "Elements and summon Guardians known as "Childs". They are brought to Fuuka Academy to fight the enigmatic creatures known as Orphans.
872 users added this.
Outlaw Star
Outlaw Star [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Outlaw Star (Seih? Buky?
3854 users added this.
Cowboy Bebop - Knockin' on Heaven's Door
Cowboy Bebop - Knockin' on Heaven's Door [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
As the Cowboy Bebop crew travels the stars, they learn of the largest bounty yet, a huge 300 million oolongs. Apparently, someone is wielding a hugely powerful chemical weapon, and of course the authorities are at a loss to stop it.
5749 users added this.
Fate/Stay Night
Fate/Stay Night [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
When he was young Shirou had lost his parents in a large and unexplained fire. He was rescued and later adopted by a man named Kiritsugu Emiya who had revealed to Shirou that he was a magus, a person capable of using spells and magic.
5632 users added this.
Genshiken
Genshiken [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
The story follows an introvert college freshman named Kanji Sasahara, who was just looking for a place to belong to. During club day on his university, he decides to join a club that he will actually enjoy, hoping that he will fit in.
1643 users added this.
Hellsing
Hellsing [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Alucard is not just any immortal, but probably one of the oldest and strongest beings known to exist. This vampire, however, is duty bound to the Hellsing family, who acts as the dogs of England's queen, protecting the country from the most dangerous parts of the underground, namely other vampires.
9560 users added this.
Black Lagoon.
Black Lagoon. [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Within Thailand lies the city of Roanapur, a safe haven for all types of criminals and where corruption thrives to its very roots. Ran by big crime syndicates like the Yakuza or the Russian and Italian mafias, Roanapur is the center for illegal and criminal activities, and is the base of operations for the notorious group called Black Lagoon.
6213 users added this.
Gungrave
Gungrave [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Armed with twin handguns, and a coffin filled with weapons on his back, Grave returns from the dead, cloaked in darkness and bent on revenge. His goal is to cripple Millennion, the huge mafia organisation that uses undead monsters as its enforcers.
1497 users added this.
Noir
Noir [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Noir follows the story of two skilled assassins -- The Japanese amnesiac Yuumura Kirika, and the Corsican Mireille Bouquet. Due to their vague similarities and having no memories of their past, the duo decides to embark on a journey to answer their question and donning the name Noir.
577 users added this.
Fighting Spirit
Fighting Spirit [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Ippo Makunouchi is a timid but hardworking boy who spends most of his time helping his mother with their charter fishing business. Ippo mostly kept to himself in school, and was always picked on by bullies as a result.
1048 users added this.
Full Metal Panic!
Full Metal Panic! [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Equipped with technologically advanced weaponry and specialized elite troops, private military organization Mithril covertly protects the Earth’s peace and order from the threat of destruction and terrorism. The backbone of Mithril’s operations rely on the Whispered, a group of exemplary and intelligent individuals, responsible for the invention and production of powerful machinery.
5978 users added this.
Azumanga Daioh
Azumanga Daioh [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Ani.me's official listing has the Azumanga Daioh storyline, reviews, and Azumanga Daioh pictures that you need. Get to know everything about this Television Series show.
3132 users added this.
Trigun
Trigun [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Known for its Space Western theme, Trigun is about a man named "Vash the Stampede" and the two Bernardelli Insurance Society employees who follow him around in order to minimize the damages inevitably caused by his appearance. Most of the damage attributed to Vash is actually caused by bounty hunters in pursuit of the "60,000,000,000$$" (sixty billion "double dollars") bounty on Vash's head for the destruction of the city of July.
10463 users added this.
Berserk
Berserk [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
Gatts, an incredibly powerful warrior, is a lone swordsman in a medieval-type fantasy world. He loses in a battle with a mysterious swordsman named Griffith, who holds a pendant called the Eye of God.
6767 users added this.
Cowboy Bebop
Cowboy Bebop [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
See You Space Cowboy is the titular theme of this space odyssey action show, Cowboy Bebop. Earning bounty rewards is one of the few profitable jobs outside of crime in the solar system - and Spike and Jet are just doing their work as they get mixed up with even more interesting people.
16486 users added this.
RahXephon
RahXephon [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
The city of Tokyo has been overthrown, taken over by Invaders who have devastated the rest of the planet. For 15 years, the remnants of the human race have fought a losing battle against the Mu and their Dolem, knowing that the key to victory lies within the domed walls of Tokyo Jupiter, where time flows in a different path and none of the mind-wiped citizens even know that the city has been conquered.
687 users added this.
Solty Rei
Solty Rei [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
In a future-based disaster-ridden city with an enormous gap between the rich and the poor, it is hard to tell which humans are walking around with cybernetic body parts. This makes Roy Revants job as a renegade bounty hunter/bodyguard-for-hire even more difficult.
257 users added this.
Samurai Champloo
Samurai Champloo [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 9.
After accidentally killing a government official’s son in a fight, Mugen and Jin are seized, and are sentenced for execution. Fuu successfully saves the two warriors, and hires them to accompany her during her search for a samurai “who smells of sunflowers” which may lead to her father.
15097 users added this.
Tekkon Kinkreet (2006)
Tekkon Kinkreet (2006) [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
* Based on <i>Taiyo Matsumoto</i>'s manga series <i>Tekkon Kinkurito</i>.<br/><br/>Black and White are two orphans who roam the streets of Treasure Town, beating down any thug or yakuza who gets in their way.
244 users added this.
Elfen Lied
Elfen Lied [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Mutated homo sapiens that have a dangerous telekinetic power is being captured and isolated in laboratories by the government. One of the sixth-sense-possessing humanoids escapes loses her memories and winds up living with a boy from her past.
14665 users added this.
3x3 Eyes
3x3 Eyes [OVA] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Pai is the last of the Sanjiyan -- a magical race of 3-eyed creatures, and she comes in search of Tokyo high-school student Yakumo with news of his father's death and hopes of becoming human. After a fatal accident, Pai is forced to absorb Yakumo's soul to keep him from dying, making him an undead creature bound to her.
272 users added this.
Bubblegum Crisis
Bubblegum Crisis [OVA] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Set in 2032-2033, the original cyberpunk anime classic focuses on a team of four women known as the Knight Sabers, who take it upon themselves to protect Mega Tokyo from rogue boomers (robots), thereby making themselves targets of the sinister Genom Corporation, the boomers' manufacturer. 1987-1991.
391 users added this.
Another
Another [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
In 1972, 26 years ago, a very popular honor student named Misaki died partway through the school year in Yomiyama North Middle School’s class 3-3. The rest of the students, devastated by the unexpected loss, decided to carry on as if their classmate were still alive, going so far as to keep the desk in place and bringing it to the graduation ceremony.
5026 users added this.
Ergo Proxy
Ergo Proxy [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Thousands of years ago, an ecological catastrophe destroyed almost all life forms on Earth. One of the surviving cities – perhaps the only one – is the domed city of Romdo.
1893 users added this.
Desert Punk
Desert Punk [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
In the future, Japan is a wasteland. In the Great Kanto Desert, scattered humans eke out a living in the hot sand.
2992 users added this.
Jubei-Chan
Jubei-Chan [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
When a strange samurai tells her she is the successor of the swordsman Yagyu Jubei, Jiyu Nanohana refuses to believe him. But the descendants of Jubei's rivals have already sensed this, and one assassin after another is sent to attack Jiyu!
118 users added this.
Vampire Hunter D
Vampire Hunter D [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Set in 12090 AD. While making her rounds, the whip-wielding seventeen-year-old Doris Lang, daughter of a deceased werewolf hunter, is attacked by Count Magnus Lee, the long-vanished vampire lord said to be over 10,000 years old.
680 users added this.
Mai-Otome
Mai-Otome [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Arika Yumemiya ventured a lot of place in search of her true purpose: the prominent Gualderobe Academy. This school is known to train young girls to become Otomes, guardians of noble leaders throughout the lands.
400 users added this.
Akira
Akira [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Directed by Ootomo Katsuhiro of Memories and Steamboy. In the year 2019, thirty-one years after World War III, the authority of Neo-Tokyo is waging a constant battle against Underground rebels.
4294 users added this.
Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust
Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Based on the novel, "D - Demon Deathchase", by Hideyuki Kikuchi. 2000.
732 users added this.
Air Gear
Air Gear [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
The Air Trek is a kind of inline skate, but it is customizable and even has an engine. This is a story about a boy, Baby Face Itsuki.
2995 users added this.
RahXephon The Motion Picture
RahXephon The Motion Picture [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Return to the world of RahXephon, where human and Mu fight for dominace over a shattered Earth and giant statues are the ultimate weapons. Where music forms the fabric of the universe and the link between two hearts is the thread upon which the fate of humanity hangs.
150 users added this.
Texhnolyze
Texhnolyze [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
In the underground city of Lux, Ichise is a prize fighter. He angers his promoter, who cuts off his arm and leg.
322 users added this.
Blood: The Last Vampire
Blood: The Last Vampire [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
At the Yokota Base in Japan, a nervous American military is on the brink of the Vietnam War. But a greater threat exists within the walls of the heavily-guarded compound: Vampires.
944 users added this.
Cowboy Bebop: Tengoku no Tobira
Cowboy Bebop: Tengoku no Tobira [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
* The mismatched crew of the <i>Bebop</i> are back, and this time they're on the silver screen. The movie takes place between (in the time period of) the <a href="http://anidb.
1079 users added this.
Paprika
Paprika [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
A beautiful therapist Chiba Atsuko and a genius scientist Tokita Kosaku work for a psycho-medical institute. They invented "DC-mini".
1355 users added this.
Kokoro Connect
Kokoro Connect [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Ani.me's official listing has the Kokoro Connect storyline, reviews, and Kokoro Connect pictures that you need. Get to know everything about this Television Series show.
1018 users added this.
Bokura no
Bokura no [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
In a summer vacation, a group of 15 children discovered a mysterious man living in a seashore cave, along with his high-tech gadgets. The man claimed to be a game developer creating a video game with 15 giant robots defending Earth from alien invaders and asked those childs to test the game for him.
104 users added this.
Gantz
Gantz [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
* Based on the manga by <a href="http://anidb.net/cr1282">Oku Hiroya</a>.
2213 users added this.
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
In the future, life between the digital and physical world has been blurred. The boundary of technology and humanity has been stretched beyond imagination with lives being led in both the electronic and physical worlds.
3675 users added this.
Mezzo Danger Service Agency
Mezzo Danger Service Agency [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Her name is Mikura, and she's all about service with a smile. So what if that service is cracking skulls and the smile happens to be on the other end of a loaded gun?
296 users added this.
Last EXILE
Last EXILE [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
The story revolves around fifteen-year-old pilot Claus Valca and navigator Lavie Head, who fly their vanship as sky couriers in the nation of Anatoray. The world of Prestel, where the polluted atmosphere of the industrial revolution still lingers; where, underneath the wind and clouds, two countries, Anatorel and Dysis, confront one another in war; and where a terrible and exciting story is about to begin.
1416 users added this.
Appleseed
Appleseed [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Earth's last city, Olympus, rose from the ashes of a global war on the backs of Bioroids, artificial clones who make up half the city's population. Under the strict guidance of a supercomputer, humanity's last survivors enjoy an idyllic peace, but only on the surface.
1277 users added this.
GetBackers
GetBackers [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Forgot your WMD? Lost your cat?
1239 users added this.
Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within
Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
A planet is overrun by a mysterious group of creatures that infect and destroy all life on Earth. Only the determination of a single woman to find a cure will prevent the world from slowly being eaten away.
3205 users added this.
Devil May Cry
Devil May Cry [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Based on the popular hack and slash video game by Capcom, Devil May Cry: The Animated Series is an anime series which aired on June 14, 2007 in Japan. Devil May Cry is a franchise which is roughly based on Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy, an epic poem from Italy.
4983 users added this.
Armitage III: Dual Matrix
Armitage III: Dual Matrix [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
The Bad Girl Returns! Naomi Armitage and Ross Sylibus have changed their names and live with their daughter Yoko as a happy and normal family on Mars - until a robot riot breaks out at an anti-matter plant on Earth.
237 users added this.
Burst Angel
Burst Angel [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Crime happened almost every day and almost everywhere in Japan that the authorities had no choice but to approve of a law that allows citizens to carry firearms. The Recently Armed Police of Tokyo was created to eradicate this growing problem.
1346 users added this.
Paranoia Agent
Paranoia Agent [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Tsukiko Sagi, a shy character designer who created the immensely popular pink dog Maromi, finds herself under pressure to repeat her success. As she walks home that night, she is attacked by an elementary school boy on inline skates.
1856 users added this.
Tenjho Tenge
Tenjho Tenge [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Souichiro and Bob want to rule their new school, but just as they begin cracking heads, their plan is shot to hell. First, there's the Natsume sisters and their Juuken Club.
1483 users added this.
The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya
The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
Aliens, Espers, and Time Travelers collide around a young girl with the most ultimate power. The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya is about a girl known as Haruhi and a boy she meets in school.
9240 users added this.
Air Gear
Air Gear [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
The Air Trek is a kind of inline skate, but it is customizable and even has an engine. This is a story about a boy, Baby Face Itsuki.
2995 users added this.
Full Metal Panic? Fumoffu
Full Metal Panic? Fumoffu [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 8.
The series focuses on the romantic tension between the oblivious military-minded Sousuke Sagara and the beautiful Kaname Chidori. Set in their school Jindai High, the couple is up for various crazy and hilarious misunderstandings, often caused by Sousuke’s ignorance.
4447 users added this.
Bastard!!
Bastard!! [OVA] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
A lone warlock, freed from years of imprisonment, stands against an army of destruction bent on world conquest and the resurrection of an ancient evil. Dark Schneider is the Bastard!
685 users added this.
Kiddy Grade
Kiddy Grade [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
After fighting in numerous interstellar wars, mankind forms the Galactic Union to bring stability and to prevent conflicts between different planets. However, disputes between members of the union itself persists.
354 users added this.
Alien Nine
Alien Nine [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
Yuri Otani, who just moved up to the sixth grade, was very upset because she was forced to join the "alien countermeasure team.” The team’s job is to defeat and capture the extraterrestrial creatures which keep appearing in their school.
63 users added this.
Afro Samurai
Afro Samurai [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
This violent saga takes place in a world mixing modern technology with traditional Japanese culture. Afro Samurai seeks nothing more than revenge on the maniacal murderer who beheaded his father in front of his eyes as a child.
7426 users added this.
Kite
Kite [OVA] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
Sawa is a school girl, an orphan, and an assassin. She is being controlled by a corrupt cop who gives her targets to kill, detailing to her the crimes these men have committed in order to justify their death.
663 users added this.
Final Fantasy VII - Advent Children
Final Fantasy VII - Advent Children [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
The world is beginning to get back on it's feet and rebuild after the destruction that lied in Sephiroth's wake. Not all is going well, however, as a new disease known as Geostigma threatens the world.
6659 users added this.
Spiral
Spiral [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
Ayumu Narumis older brother Kiyotaka, a renowned detective and piano player, disappears all of sudden. The only clue Narumi has, are the Blade Children.
185 users added this.
Metropolis
Metropolis [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
Metropolis (??
874 users added this.
Gun x Sword
Gun x Sword [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
On the planet of Endless Illusion, a lone man adorned in a tuxedo roams the wild and lawless frontier..
758 users added this.
Ninja Scroll
Ninja Scroll [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
A ninja-for-hire is forced into fighting an old nemesis who is bent on overthrowing the Japanese government. His nemesis is also the leader of a group of demons each with superhuman powers.
1439 users added this.
Battle Angel
Battle Angel [OVA] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
Doc Ido, a doctor and mechanic who lives and works in the hellish, postapocalyptic "Scrapyard", finds the - miraculously preserved - remains of a female cyborg in a junk heap. After he revives and rebuilds her, the preternaturally strong, amnesiac "Gally" begins to forge a life for herself in a world where every day can bring a fight for life.
187 users added this.
Mezzo Forte
Mezzo Forte [OVA] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
For Mikura, danger is routine and killing is as easy as breathing. Sleek and sexy, she was born with a gun in each hand and a grin on her face.
385 users added this.
Gokusen
Gokusen [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
The plot involves Kumiko Yamaguchi, the granddaughter of a Yakuza boss, Kuroda of the Kuroda Ikka. Her parents died when she was younger, and her grandfather has no other descendants, so Kumiko is next in line to head the family business with the title of Ojou.
485 users added this.
Overman King Gainer
Overman King Gainer [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 7.
In the distant future, mankind is forced to live in dome-covered cities called Domepolis after an environmental cataclysm. These cities are maintained and supplied by private corporations, but at what cost to the inhabitants living within them?
100 users added this.
Tokko
Tokko [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 6.
Shindou Ranmaru has just graduated from police academy and assigned to Tokki: Special Mobile Investigation Force. On the day of his graduation, he meets the half-naked girl he has been seeing in his dreams, Rokujo Sakura.
283 users added this.
X
X [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 6.
At the millennial edge, the concluding battle for humanity's future is staged. Kamui Shirou's destiny has been decided as he returns to Tokyo to face his ultimate challenge.
635 users added this.
Gilgamesh
Gilgamesh [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 6.
After an accident at the Twin X research facility, the sky has been changed to be like a mirror, and all electronics no longer work. There are also children born after this event who have mystical powers to change the environment around them.
250 users added this.
Cosplay Complex
Cosplay Complex [OVA] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 6.
Meet Chako and her friends from the Cosplay Association at East Oizuki Academy! They're the hottest new cosplay team in Japan.
84 users added this.
Saiyuki
Saiyuki [TV] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 5.
Many years ago, humans and demons lived in harmony. But that unity ended when demons began attacking humans and plotted a mission to unleash Gyumao - an evil demon imprisoned for thousands of years.
903 users added this.
Princess Mononoke
Princess Mononoke [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 5.
While fighting to save his village from the attack of a demon-god Ashitaka comes in contact with it and is inflicted with a deadly curse. In his search for a cure he is forced to leave his village forever and journey to the forest inhabited by animal gods.
10135 users added this.
Vexille: 2077 Nihon Sakoku
Vexille: 2077 Nihon Sakoku [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 5.
10 years has passed since Japan had decided to leave the United Nations to go into isolation. They have completely blocked the islands with an ultra magnetic field which prevents anyone to see what is going inside, nor for people to travel in/out of the country.
167 users added this.
Appleseed Ex Machina
Appleseed Ex Machina [Movie] doubt_equals_ammo gave it a 4.
Deunan Knute returns in this sequel to the 2004 film, Appleseed. 2007.
331 users added this.
Lucky Star
Lucky Star [TV] In Progress
Lucky Star follows the hilarious and mischievous daily lives of four young girls as they move through high school. h2.
7969 users added this.
Genshiken 2
Genshiken 2 [TV] In Progress
The Society for the Study of Modern Visual Culture, otherwise known as Genshiken, is now under the supervision of a more confident Sasahara. Things have changed in between semesters, and the otaku club now has a new otaku-hating member named Ogiue.
898 users added this.
Clannad
Clannad [TV] Planned
Tomoya is labelled as a delinquent at his school because he is constantly late and skips classes, but he seems to have little care about how others perceive of him. Everything in his life seemed dull and unchanging until one morning he meets Nagisa Furukawa on the road to his school; he finds her muttering to herself to give her more motivation for the school day.
13603 users added this.
Basilisk
Basilisk [TV] Planned
The year is 1614 AD. Two warring ninja clans, each supporting a son of Hidetada Tokugawa as the next shogun, send ten representatives each to fight to the death for the possession of a scroll.
1341 users added this.
Boogiepop Phantom
Boogiepop Phantom (??
194 users added this.
Hajime no Ippo: The Fighting
Makunouchi Ippo is an ordinary high school student in Japan. Since he spends most of his time away from school helping his mother run the family business, he doesn't get to enjoy his younger years like most teenagers.
1506 users added this.
Excel Saga
Excel Saga [TV] Postponed
Hyperactive Excel does anything and everything to try to please her lord, Ilpalazzo, who wants to take over the planet. Excel's misadventures takes her and her partner, the ever-dying Hyatt, all over the world, meeting several strange people as they go.
1399 users added this.